HANTA VIRUS

 In 1978, the etiologic agent of Korean Hemerologic fever was isolated from small infected field rodent Apodemus agrarius near Hantan river in South Korea.

initial discovery dates back to scientific approaches that were initiated after the Korean war (1951-1953), during which more than 3000 cases of Korean hemorrhagic fever were reported among UN troops

In 1981, Hantaan virus strain 76-118, isolated from Apodemus agrarius was grown in A549 cell line. Hantaviruses are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses that infect many species of rodents, shrews, moles and bats.

Hantaviruses primarily replicate in the endothelium and might use integrins to enter cells. 

Following entry, the virus synthesizes viral mRNA to produce viral proteins and replicate the genome

Infection of reservoir hosts is asymptomatic, possibly owing to immunosuppression.

Infection of humans causes either haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome or hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome.

The three segments of viral RNA encode nucleocapsid protein, glycoprotein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.

Hantaviruses can cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the Americas and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia. Hantavirus spillover from natural hosts into human populations could be considered an ecological process, in which environmental forces, behavioral determinants of exposure, and dynamics at the human–animal interface affect human susceptibility and the epidemiology of the disease

Hosts are the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius, causes HFRS) in Asia, the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus, host for Sin Nombre virus [SNV],causes HPS) in North America, and the bank vole (Myodes glareolus, host for Puumala virus [PUUV], which causes HFRS) in Europe.

One of the basic similarities between Coronavirus and Hantavirus is that they're both not airborne diseases. This also leads to the biggest difference between the two—Coronavirus has a human host, which can transmit the infection through droplets that may be released when the host sneezes or coughs.However, in Hantavirus there is no human-to-human transmission. 

First identified in 1993, hantaviruses cause severe and sometimes fatal respiratory infections and are known to infect lung cells

Hantavirus is transmitted to humans who inhale the virus from the urine, faeces, or saliva of infected rodents

Infection with hantavirus can progress to Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS). Early HPS symptoms include fatigue, fever and muscle aches, followed after a week or so by coughing and shortness of breath

HPS has a mortality rate of around 40%, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. No treatments or vaccines are available

rodents or bandicoots are a common host

all the patients had severe pulmonary and renal infection, pointing to classical symptoms of hantavirus infection

Infection with hantaviruses can cause Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) in Europe and Asia and the Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) in the US, according to the CDC.  there was a hantavirus scare in Karnataka and people even succumbed to the disease in 2011.

usually in rural areas where forests, fields, and farms offer a suitable habitat for the virus’s rodent hosts

The rodents shed the virus in their urine, droppings, and saliva. The virus is mainly transmitted to people when they breathe in air contaminated with the virus

The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control has this to say when it comes to treatment: "The treatment of hantavirus disease is mainly symptomatic.

European hantaviruses do not spread from human to human, no isolation is needed

Ribavirin is the only drug used in severe hantavirus infections in Europe 

In 1981, a new genus termed as “hantavirus” was introduced in the Bunyaviridae family, which included the viruses that cause hemoroligic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) 

Until 1993, the only native hantavirus found in new word was non pathogenic Prospect Hill virus (PHV). This myth ended after the hantavirus outbreak in the four corner region of Southwestern United States.